Airlines operate with substantial long-term contractual commitments: aircraft and engine leases, financing arrangements, maintenance obligations, manufacturer commitments and other agreements that may extend over many years.

Air passenger rights in Turkey are regulated under the Turkish Civil Aviation Authorities (CAA) regulation of 2011 (SHY-Passenger). This regulation is based on EU Regulation (EC) No 261/2004, which establishes common rules for compensation and assistance to passengers in cases of denied boarding, cancellation, or long delay of flights. SHY-Passenger regulates Turkish air carriers' obligations to passengers due to flight irregularities arising from cancellations, long delays,

Long delays are equally burdensome for air carriers and passengers. Whether caused by the airline or not, these delays, result in passengers losing valuable time and airlines incurring substantial expenses on compensation. STEER Report (Study on the current level of protection of air passenger rights in the EU of January 2020) shows that in average %1 of the all flights between 2011-2018  in, from and to EU+3 (EU(28)+ Iceland, Norway and Switzerland) are delayed at least by o

Accidents caused to an aircraft while it is on ground (ground/ramp accidents) are very common in the aviation industry. Ground accidents occur during ground operations i.e. as personnel of ground handling companies, maintenance organisations and other airport service providers are servicing the aircraft.  The outcome of ground accidents is rarely fatal, but very expensive for the industry. IATA records a total of US$5.7 billion in 2021.   Each ground accident results in direc

Are UAS considered as “aircraft” in your country? Yes; pursuant Article 3(b) of the Turkish Civil Aviation Law a vehicle which is able to fly is an aircraft thus an unmanned aerial vehicle/system (UAV/UAS, in Turkish “IHA”) is legally an aircraft under Turkish law. In Turkey IHA’s (unmanned aerial vehicles, “UAV”) are classified by their maximum take of mass (“MTOM”). * UAS0 has a MTOM between 500g’s (inclusive) and 4kg’s. * UAS1 has MTOM between 4kg’s (inclusive) and 25kg’s.